Scientists of Modern India

Srinivasa Aiyangar Ramanujan (FRS)

  • Srinivasa Iyengar Ramanujan
  • Synopsis of Elementary Results in Pure Mathemetic by G. S. Carr. introduced him to the world of mathematics
  • Second Indian to be elected Fellow of the Royal
    Society of London and the first Indian to be elected Fellow of Trinity College

Chandrasekhara V. Raman, popularly known as C.V. Raman

  • Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 first Asian to receive
  • working on musical instruments like the veena, violin, tabla and mridangam
  • greatly attracted by the blue colour of the sea and conducted many experiments and prepared a long paper on molecular scattering of light and sent it to the Royal Society of London.
  • Raman Effect
    • When a beam of monochromatic (having single colour) light passes through a transparent substance, it scatters.
    • Raman studied the broken light. He found that there were two spectral lines of very low intensity (strength) parallel to the incident monochromatic light.
    • This showed that broken light was not monochromatic, though the incident light was monochromatic.
    • Thus, a great phenomenon hidden in nature was revealed to him.
    • This phenomenon became famous as Raman Effect and spectral lines in the scattered light as Raman Lines.

J.C. Bose

  • an apparatus to study the properties of electric waves
  • Work- “The Electromagnetic Radiation and Polarization of Electric Ray”, he was made a Knight in 1917 and Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1920. He was the first Indian scientist in Physics to receive this honour.
  • famous all over the world as the inventor of Crescograph that can record even the millionth part of a millimeter of plant growth and movement
  • Bose instruments- prove that even metals react to outward stimuli- Bose’s instruments have shown, how even steel and metals used in scissors and machinery get tired and regain efficiency after a period of rest.
  • his wireless inventions too antedated those of Marconi. He was the first to invent a wireless coherer (radio signal detector) and an instrument for indicating the refraction of electric waves

Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha

  • father of Indian Nuclear Science
  • carried outstanding original research relating to cosmic radiation
  • India’s first atomic research centre now called Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) was established at Trombay.
  • India’s First atomic reactor, Apsara was also established
    under his expert guidance.
  • Bhabha became the first chairman of the Atomic Energy
    Commission set up in 1948.
  • served as the chairman of international conference on peaceful uses of atomic energy, supported by the United Nations.
  • Government of India honoured him with Padma Bhushan

Dr. Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai

  • the main personality behind the launching of India’s first satellite Aryabhatta
  • studied cosmic rays under the guidance of Dr. C.V. Raman
  • His studies of cosmic rays have made it clear that cosmic rays are a stream of energy particles coming from the outer space.
  • He was a great industrialist.
  • Started the mission of manufacturing military hardware and producing
    antibiotics and penicillin in India
  • founder of Ahmedabad Textile Industrial Association and Ahmedabad Money Association
  • Established Indian Institutes of Management (IIMS)
  • Chairman of the Indian National Commission for Space Research
    (INCOSPAR) and of the Atomic Energy Commission
  • Directed the setting up of Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS).
  • Made plans to take education to the villages through Satellite communication.
  • Awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1966 and the Padma Vibhushan

Dr. A.P.J .Abdul Kalam

  • 11th President of India
  • awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honour in 1997 for his contributions in the field of science and engineering
  • developed the Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV 3), which
    put the satellite Rohini into orbit
  • given the responsibility of Integrated Guided Missile
    Development Programme (IGMDP)
  • developed five projects for defence services – Prithvi, Trishul, Akash, Nag and Agni
  • Agni, which is a surface-to-surface missile, is a unique achievement.

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